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Voluntarism (action)
Voluntarism is sometimes used to mean the use of, or reliance on voluntary action to maintain an institution, carry out a policy, or achieve an end.〔Definitions of voluntarism at http://www.bartleby.com/61/44/V0144400.html and http://www.thefreedictionary.com/voluntaristic.〕 In this context the word ''voluntary action'' means action based on free will, which in turn means action which is performed free from certain constraints. The constraint of (government) coercion is often considered in this context, where it remains the question what constitutes coercion.
==Voluntarism vs volunteerism==
Volunteer management specialist Susan Ellis differentiates between "voluntarism" and "volunteerism":
"Voluntarism" (the older term) refers to everything voluntary. In the United States this includes religion. It certainly encompasses the entire "voluntary sector," but "voluntary" in the "voluntarism" context means not mandated by law (as government is). Many voluntary sector (nonprofit) agencies have a volunteer board because that is a legal requirement, but may not utilize volunteers in direct service in any way. There are subjects within "voluntarism" that have nothing to do with volunteers, such as Unrelated Business Income Tax legislation, proposal writing, and compensation law.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Volunt/ar/eer/ism: What's the Difference? )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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